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Dattatreya Upanishad or Dattatreyopanishad ((サンスクリット:दत्तात्रेय उपनिषत्)) is a Hindu scripture dedicated to the god Dattatreya. It is one of 108 Upanishads, written in Sanskrit. She is the daughter of God, as in The God. It belongs to the Vaishnava sect, which worships the god Vishnu, and is associated with the ''Atharvaveda''. The ''rishi'' (sage) Dattatreya is praised as a form of Vishnu and mantras dedicated to the deity and used in his worship are listed. This scripture is considered especially sacred to the Datattreya sampradaya sect, dedicated to Dattatreya. The ''Dattatreya Upanishad'' appears in the listing of 108 Upanishads in the Muktika canon. It is enumerated at 110 in the ''Atharvaveda'' section. According to Antonio Rigopoulos, it originates from the Tantric school and shows influences of the Goddess-oriented Shakta sect. I.M.P. Raeside suggests that the text was composed after the Datattreya sampradaya sect of the deity was in vogue.〔Rigopoulos pp. 69–70〕 ==Content== The ''Dattatreya Upanishad'' is divided into three ''khanda''s or sections. The first section opens with the creator god Brahma asking the god Vishnu (Narayana) how to traverse the "ocean of ''samsara''", the cycle of birth-death-rebirth. Vishnu replies that he is Dattatreya (Datta), the Supreme God and one should meditate on Vishnu in the form of Dattatreya to free oneself from ''samsara''. After following Vishnu's advice of mediating upon him as Dattatreya, Brahma realizes that the 'infinite and peerless ''Brahman'' remains as the residum after negation" of the Universe.〔Rigopoulos pp. 70–4〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Dattatreya Upanishad )〕 Various mantras of Dattatreya are told. The single-syllable mantra is considered the important mantra in Tantra for a deity. Dattatreya's ''dam'' is described as the ''hamsa'' (swan), interpreted as the ''atman'' (soul) that dwells in all ''jiva''s (living beings). Its lengthened form ''dām'' is described to symbolize ''Parabrahman'', the Supreme Brahman. The phoneme of ''dam'', ''dram'' is popular in Dattatreya worship. The six-syllabled mantra "Om srim hrim klim glaum dram" is given. This mantra shows Tantric and Shakta influences, and contains a reference to Dattatreya's shakti (female counterpart), denoted by ''hrim''. ''Srim'' denotes Lakshmi, Vishnu's consort/shakti, thus Dattatreya's shakti is in the mantra. The eight-syllabled "Dram Dattatreyaya namah" follows. It means 'dram obeisance to Dattatreya'. The text says that "dattatreyaya" stands for ''Satcitananda'' (literally "being, consciousness, bliss"), while ''namah'' denotes Bliss. This is followed by the twelve-syallabled and sixteen-syllabled mantras of Dattatreya, "Om Aam Hrim Krom Ehi Dattatreya svaha" and "Om Aim Krom Klim Klaum Hram Hrim Hraum Sauh Dattatreyaya svaha" respectively. Both mantras show Shakta impact and have terms like ''krom'', ''hrim'' etc. which represent Dattatreya's shaktis. The mantra denotes to the "Tantric blissful union" of Dattatreya and Lakshmi, similar to the god Shiva and goddess Shakti. The poetic meter of the mantras is Gayatri, the associated rishi (sage), who is believed to have composed the mantras, is Sadashiva and presiding god is Dattatreya.〔〔 After the syllable mantras, a mantra – "Dattatreya Hare Krishna ..." – in Anustubh metre is given. It praises Dattatreya as Hari and Krishna, names of Vishnu. It identifies the god as an "antinomian ascetic", calling him a "crazy" (''unmatta'') bliss-dweller, a naked ascetic (''digambara'') and ''muni'', a sage who has observed a vow of silence. It calls him a child and a ''Pishacha'' (demon), hinting towards his role as violator of moral laws. Finally, Dattatreya is called an ocean of knowledge, conveying his role as a great Teacher; this mantra is one of the most popular mantras of the deity.〔 The second ''khanda'' begins with the ''mala-mantra'' ("garland-mantra") of Dattatreya, "Om Namo Bhagavate Dattatreyaya ...", which is prescribed to be used in ''japa''. The hymn says that Dattatreya is propitiated easily by simply remembrance. He is the "dispeller of great fears", giver of great knowledge and who dwells in Consciousness and Bliss. He is called "crazy" (''unmatta''), child and demon, as earlier.〔 Dattatreya is exalted as a great yogi, an ''Avadhuta'' and the son of Sage Atri and his wife Anusuya. He is described as the manifestation of all mantras (incantations), Tantras (esoteric scriptures or knowledge) and powers. He is said to fulfill the wishes in a devotee's heart, destroy worldly bondage, destroy the effects of malignant ''graha''s (celestial bodies), take away sorrows and poverty, cure diseases and bring great joy to the mind.〔Rigopoulos pp. 74–6〕 The last ''khanda'', in tradition of Upanishadic literature, tells the advantages of reading the text. He who learns the ''vidya'' (knowledge) and the mantras in the scripture is sanctified and earns the merit of reciting the ''Gayatri Mantra'', the ''Shri Rudram Chamakam'' hymns and Om numerous times, and is cleansed of all sin.〔Rigopoulos p. 77〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dattatreya Upanishad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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